@phdthesis{
author = "Pantelić, Marina",
year = "2019",
abstract = "The rise in single-parent families represents one of the most visible outcomes of family instability and change in the structure and distribution of risks in Europe (Millar, 2002). Therefore, it is not surprising that such families have become the subject of political, scientific and research interests both nationally and internationally. As a very heterogeneous social group, within (which) not necessarily all are jeopardized in having the same rights or in meeting the same needs, and as they quite differ in a way of coping with risks, single-parent families require a comprehensive and diverse state support, as a formal support system. The focus of this research is on the analysis of needs, risks and difficulties faced by single-parent families (single-mothers with children) in Serbia, identifying different systems of available social support (formal and informal) and their limitations, as well as their possibilities of redesigning. A specific theoretical and conceptual framework, which represents a novelty in relation to the previous perspectives in the interpretation of this phenomenon, was used for the analysis of the problem. The social investment concept and different discourses around single-parent families were complementary used as theoretical and conceptual framework, and the analysis itself included two levels, micro - individual level and macro – institutional level. The data were collected by combining complementary quantitative and qualitative methods. On the one hand, the quantitative part of the research was focused on gathering socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the sample. Collection of this type of data was carried out using a questionnaire, which was specially designed for the purposes of this research, in order to create a profile of the single-mother families representing the sample. On the other hand, the qualitative part of the research is based on data obtained from in-depth, semi-structured interviews, which were conducted with both the single-mothers, as well as with representatives of the public and civil sector, in order to gain insight into the complexity of life, family and professional opportunities of single-parents in our country. ix The study involved 35 single-mothers and the sample was balanced by the type of single-parent family (widowed, divorced and unmarried single-mothers), as well as by the socio-demographic and socio-economic status of participants. Also, in order to obtain a comprehensive overview of the status, problems and challenges facing single-mothers with children in our country, 10 interviews were conducted with the representatives of the governmental and non-governmental sector, discussing the ways in which this vulnerable social group is recognized in our national legislation, the dominant social attitude towards them, programs and measures to improve their position and recommendations for enhancing policy and practice. At the individual level of analysis, our findings confirm that it comes to a highly heterogeneous social group, so that the specific life circumstances, the causes of single-parenthood, as well as the personality of the single-parents themselves influence the challenges and difficulties they are facing in everyday life, and to significant extent determinate the source, type and quality of social (formal and informal) support. The lack of sympathy and understanding of the society for the specific position in which these families are, contributes to their greater structural vulnerability than the rest of the population, especially two-parent families. Also, the social attitude towards single-parents (especially single-mothers) represents some kind of continuum, which includes values from absolute support, through an ambivalent attitude, to persuasion and lack of understanding, but the lack of understanding and persuasion are the most prevalent way our society refers to parents who raise their children alone. At the institutional level, the findings of this research indicate that the formal system of support to single-parent families in our country is to the great extent limited and that organized and planned, system’s response to the needs and problems of single-parents is missing. Although the social problem discourse around single-parent families is latently present in our institutional context, it is not accompanied by an adequate political response by the state, operationalized through concrete public policy programs and measures. The lack of a concrete state response to single-parent families, manifested through the lack of an adequate institutional framework and system’s solutions, i.e. the limited and unavailable assistance and support measures, makes them invisible subjects of social policy. Based on the identified needs and priorities of the single-parents (single-mothers), as well as the analysis of the current social and political context and the existing institutional framework, x recommendations to improve social position and further social integration of single-parent families have been defined. Hence, the results of this research can be used to enhance practice towards elimination of the existing shortcomings and the formulation of an adequate system’s response to the problems and challenges faced by single-parent families in our country, Jednoroditeljske porodice predstavljaju jednu od najznačajnijih i najočiglednijih manifestacija porodične nestabilnosti i promena u strukturi i distribuciji rizika u Evropi (Millar, 2002). Stoga, ne iznenađuje činjenica da su neretko predmet političkog, naučnog i istraživačkog interesa, kako na nacionalnom, tako i na nadnacionalnom nivou. Predstavljajući izrazito heterogenu društvenu grupu, unutar koje nisu nužno svi ugroženi u ostvarivanju istih prava ili u zadovoljavanju potreba, a kako se prilično razlikuju i po načinima suočavanja sa rizicima, jednoroditeljske porodice zahtevaju sveobuhvatnu i raznovrsnu pomoć države, kao formalnog sistema podrške. Fokus ovog istraživanja je na analizi potreba, rizika i teškoća sa kojima se suočavaju jednoroditeljske porodice (porodice samih majki sa decom) u Srbiji, identifikovanju različitih sistema društvene podrške (formalnih i neformalnih) koji su im dostupni i njihovih ograničenja, kao i mogućnosti njihovog redizajniranja. Za analizu problema upotrebljen je specifičan teorijsko-konceptualni okvir, koji predstavlja novinu u odnosu na dosadašnje perspektive u tumačenju ove pojave. Reč je o komplementarnoj upotrebi koncepta socijalnih ulaganja i različitih diskursa o jednoroditeljskim porodicama, a sama analiza je obuhvatila dva nivoa, mikro - individualni nivo i makro - institucionalni i sistemski nivo. U istraživanju podaci su prikupljani kombinovanjem kvantitativnih i kvalitativnih metoda. Kvantitativni deo istraživanja bio je usmeren na prikupljanje socio-demografskih i socio-ekonomskih podataka o uzorku. Prikupljanje ove vrste podataka vršeno je uz pomoć upitnika, koji je posebno sačinjen za potrebe ovog istraživanja, i bilo je u funkciji izgradnje profila jednoroditeljskih porodica samih majki obuhvaćenih uzorkom. Sa druge strane, kvalitativni deo istraživanja zasniva se na podacima koji su dobijeni iz dubinskih, polustrukturisanih intervjua, koji su vođeni vi kako sa samim majkama, tako i sa predstavnicima javnog i civilnog sektora, kako bi se stekao uvid u kompleksnost životnih, porodičnih i profesionalnih prilika samih roditelja kod nas. U istraživanju je učestvovalo 35 samih majki, a uzorak je balansiran prema tipu jednoroditeljske porodice (udovice, razvedene i nevenčane same majke), kao i prema socio-demografskom i socio-ekonomskom statusu ispitanica. Takođe, kako bi se dobila sveobuhvatna slika o položaju, problemima i izazovima sa kojima se suočavaju same majke sa decom kod nas, realizovano je i 10 intervjua sa predstavnicima vladinog i nevladinog sektora, sa kojima je razgovarano o načinu na koji je ova osetljiva društvena grupa prepoznata u postojećem normativnom okviru, odnosu društva prema njima, merama za poboljšanje njihovog položaja i predlozima za unapređenje politike i prakse. Kada je u pitanju individualni nivo analize, nalazi do kojih se došlo u istraživanju potvrđuju da je reč o izrazito heterogenoj društvenoj grupi, tako da konkretne životne okolnosti, uzroci nastanka, kao i ličnost samih roditelja utiču na izazove i teškoće sa kojima se suočavaju u svakodnevnom životu i u značajnoj meri opredeljuju izvor, vrstu i kvalitet društvene pomoći i podrške. Nerazumevanje društva za specifičnu poziciju u kojoj se ove porodice nalaze doprinosi njihovoj većoj strukturalnoj ranjivosti u odnosu na ostatak populacije, prvenstveno dvoroditeljske porodice. Takođe, odnos okruženja prema samim roditeljima (samim majkama) predstavlja neku vrstu kontinuuma, koji obuhvata vrednosti od apsolutne podrške, preko ambivalentnog stava, sve do osude i nerazumevanja, premda nerazumevanje i osuda predstavljaju najčešće načine na koje se naše društvo odnosi prema roditeljima koji sami podižu decu. Na institucionalnom nivou, nalazi ovog istraživanja ukazuju da je formalni sistem pomoći i podrške jednoroditeljskim porodicama u našoj zemlji u značajnoj meri ograničen i da izostaje sistemski i planski odgovor društva/države na potrebe i probleme samih roditelja. Iako je u institucionalnom kontekstu latentno prisutno stanovište da jednoroditeljske porodice predstavljaju društveni problem, ono nije ispraćeno adekvatnim političkim odgovorom države, operacionalizovanim kroz konkretne mere javne politike. Izostanak konkretnog odgovora države prema ovim vii porodicama, koji se manifestuje kroz nedostatak adekvatnog institucionalnog okruženja i sistemskih rešenja, odnosno ograničenost i nedostupnost mera pomoći i podrške, čini ih nevidljivim subjektima socijalne politike. Na temelju identifikovanih potreba i prioriteta samih roditelja/majki, analizi aktuelnog društvenog i političkog konteksta, kao i postojećeg institucionalnog okvira, definisani su predlozi za unapređenje njihovog položaja i podsticanje njihove socijalne integracije, te se rezultati ovog istraživanja mogu iskoristiti za unapređenje prakse u pravcu otklanjanja nedostataka postojećeg i formulisanju adekvatnog sistemskog odgovora na probleme i izazove sa kojima se suočavaju jednoroditeljske porodice u našoj zemlji",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet političkih nauka",
title = "implications for social policy and practice in Republic of Serbia : implications for social policy and practice in Republic of Serbia, Jednoroditeljske porodice i novi socijalni rizici : implikacije na socijalnu politiku i praksu u Republici Srbiji",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_11791"
}
