Koncept „mobilnosti kao usluge” kao vid reforme prevoza u pametnim gradovima – studija slučaja Grada Beograda

Abstract

Big cities face numerous problems that can only be solved by implementing local policies that involve the use of smart management tools. This paper emphasises the human dimension in city management and planning, implying the evolution of the concept of smart cities. Smart cities involve ICT in the administration of diverse sectors. The development of smart transportation is one of the key components of smart cities. The concept of smart transportation is examined in this paper through the concept of mobility as a service, which entails the combination of two or more different modes of transportation and mobility as a service. Therefore, the research question is: Can we solve the accumulated problems in the transportation of Belgrade residents by combining two or more types of transportation through the concept of mobility as a service? The study describes the situation in comparison to the practises of cities such as Helsinki, Vienna, and Ljubljana. The paper provides insight on best practises in the development of this idea in Helsinki, Vienna, and Ljubljana. These cities can serve as a model for the reform of Belgrade’s transportation system, which is based on mobility as a service and citizen participation in the development of local policy.

Veliki gradovi se suočavaju sa brojnim problemima koje je moguće rešiti je- dino implementacijom lokalnih politika koje podrazumevaju upotrebu pa- metnih alata u upravljanju. Ovaj rad naglašava ljudsku dimenziju u upra- vljanju i planiranju gradova, koji podrazumeva razvijanje koncepta pametnih gradova. Pametni gradovi uključuju informaciono-komunikacione tehno- logije u upravljanje različitim oblastima. Jedna od ključnih komponenti pa- metnih gradova je razvoj pametnog prevoza. Koncept pametnog prevoza u ovom radu analizira se sa aspekta mobilnosti kao usluge koja podrazumeva kombinaciju dva ili više različitih oblika prevoza. Stoga, istraživačko pita- nje glasi: da li kombinacijom dve ili više vrsta prevoza kroz koncept mobil- nosti kao usluge možemo rešiti nagomilane probleme u prevozu stanovnika Beograda? Rad pruža uvid u dobre prakse u razvoju ovog koncepta u gradovi- ma Helsinkiju, Beču i Ljubljani. Ovi gradovi mogu da posluže kao dobar pri- mer za reformu sistema prevoza u Beogradu, koja je zasnovana na mobilnosti kao usluzi i uključivanju građana u kreiranje lokalnih politika.