Digitalizacija koja podržava participativnu demokratiju i održivi razvoj

Abstract

Razvoj IT je otvorio sjajan prostor za veću dostupnost informacija i svih vrsta znanja, što je važan činilac razvoja i obogaćivanja demokratije. Istovremeno, time je otvoren prostor za dezinformacije i zloupotrebe informacija, te smo sve- doci ozbiljnog urušavanja demokratskih institucija, procedura odlučivanja i, konačno, ugrožavanja ljudskih prava i u najvećim demokratijama na planeti. Veliki broj autora ukazuje da digitalizacija nije tehničko, niti inženjersko pita- nje već da ima ozbiljne socijalne i političke implikacije. Srbija spada u zemlje koje imaju sistemsku korupciju sa kojom nijedan od režima od 2000. godine ne izlazi na kraj, zbog nespremnosti političkih elita da se odreknu ovih unosnih vidova bogaćenja. Ovaj rad će se fokusirati na tri teme: prva se bavi kvalitetom javnih nabavki u Srbiji, problemom slabe dostupnosti ugovora u javnosti, te velike štete koje se pri tome nanose našem društvu. Druga tema je kvalitet jav- no-privatnih partnerstava – dobra i loša praksa, kojom treba da se obezbedi uspešna realizacija projekata za koje javni sektor sam nema dovoljno sredstava, te se oslanja na privatni. Ipak, kod nas ovi projekti često služe za zloupotrebe i koruptivne aktivnosti. Treća tema je slaba dostupnost informacija vezanih za prostorne planove i za gradnju kao izuzetno profitabilne oblasti.

The development of IT industry has provided numerous possibilities for better access to information and knowledge, which has been an important element for democratic development. At the same time, it has opened a large space for disinformation and abuse of information – therefore we have been witnessing severe decline of democratic institutions, decision-making procedures and violence of human rights even in the well-established democracies in the world. Numerous authors highlight the fact that the process of digitalization is not merely technical or engineering issue, but it drives serious societal and political implications. Serbia has been among the countries with worrying systemic corruption, and every government since democratic changes in 2000 has failed to deal with it, mostly because political elites have not been ready to give up these lucrative forms of enrichment. Therefore, this paper focuses on three important issues: first, the quality of the public procurement procedures in Serbia, the problem of poor public availability of contracts, and severe damage of these problems to our society. Secondly, the paper highlights the quality of public-private partnerships, their good and poor practices, and the ways for successful implementation of the projects which do not get funded by the public sector, and therefore turn to private funds. However, in Serbia these projects often serve as a platform for various forms of abuse and corruptive activities. Thirdly, the paper discusses poor availability of information in regards to urban planning and building industry as highly profitable policy fields.