Doctrines of the European Court of Human Rights

Abstract

The jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights has a double effect on national legal orders. Apart from the decisions on individual applications for the alleged violations of the rights guaranteed by the European Convention on Human Rights, the Court signals the national authorities of the proper interpretation and implementation of human rights guarantees. The limitation of human rights is in certain cases a legitimate action taken by the government. That is why it is so important to have a clear understanding of the conditions and the extent of such a limitation. For the proper assessment of the problem it is essential to understand the doctrines developed by the Court in the process of decision-making concerning the validity of the human rights limitation in a specific case.

Uticaj jurisprudencije Evropskog suda za ljudska prava na nacionalne pravne poretke je dvostruk. Osim što u pojedinačnim slučajevima odlučuje o postojanju kršenja pojedinih prava garantovanih Evropskom konvencijom za zaštitu ljudskih prava i osnovnih sloboda, Sud nacionalnim vlastima šalje signale u pogledu adekvatnog tumačenja i primene ljudskih i manjinskih prava. Ograničenje ljudskih prava nekada predstavlja legitimnu odluku vlasti, ali je važno tačno utvrditi pod kojim uslovima i u kojoj meri je to dozvoljeno. Za odgovor na ova pitanja važno je razumeti doktrine koje je Sud razvio i koje primenjuje kada rešava o validnosti ograničenja ljudskog prava u konkretnom slučaju.