Hraniteljstvo kao podrška razvoju rezilijentnosti kod dece na porodičnom smeštaju

Abstract

Savremeni koncept hraniteljstva usmeren je na osnaživanje dece i mladih na porodičnom smeštaju. Kako je reč o deci i mladima čiji je razvoj ugrožen promenama i gubicima koji često imaju odlike traumatskog iskustva, od izuzetnog je značaja razvijati njihove kapacitete za suočavanje i prevladavanje životnih nedaća. Kreiranjem pogodnih uslova u različitim aspektima porodičnog života može se pružiti podrška razvijanju rezilijentnosti kod ove osetljive grupe. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da ispita iz kojih domena porodičnog života deca i mladi na hraniteljstvu crpe snagu i podršku. Analizirani su izveštaji hranitelja o 53 dece i mladih osoba o kojima brinu. Prigodni uzorak je činilo 42 hranitelja (o čega 33 žene, a 11 hranitelja srodnika) sa područja Beograda i Valjeva. Utvrđeno je da mladi najviše snage i podrške crpe iz snažnih porodičnih odnosa ispunjenih toplinom, ljubavlju i konkretnim vidovima podrške, kao i obrazovanja koje je redovno, prilagođeno potrebama deteta i odvija se uz saradnju škole i hranitelja. Implikacije ovih nalaza razmatrane su u okviru rada.

The modern concept of social protection is directed towards empowerment of children and youth in foster care. As developmental trajectories of these children and young people are frequently marked with experiences of change, loss and trauma, it is of utmost importance to foster their capacity to cope with and overcome life’s difficulties. The development of resilience in this vulnerable group can be supported by providing suitable conditions in different aspects of their foster care functioning. The aim of this study was to examine which domains of foster family life are sources of strength and support for children and young people in foster care. Foster carers’ reports on 53 children and young people they care for wereanalysed. The sample consisted of 42 foster parents (33 women and 11 foster relatives) from Belgrade and Valjevo. Finding show that children and young people in our study drew the most strength and support from strong family relationships filled with warmth, love and concrete forms of support, as well as education that iscontinues, designed to meet the needs of the student and carried out through cooperation of the school and the foster parents. No differences were found between reports of foster parents from different cities, whilefoster care families based on the kinship relations were better suited to support resilience in children and young people. The implications of these findings are further discussed in the paper.