Public reason as a political ideal: John Rawls’s conception

Abstract

The article dealt with Rawlsian idea of public reason as a convergence point of his conception of political liberalism. The idea of public reason is taken as a norm of political justification a as well as a political ideal. Major lines of criticism of the Rawls' conception are also discussed in the article. The conclusion is that is possible to defend major elements of Rawls' conception against criticism along Rawlsian lines of argumentation. The thesis advocated through the text is that it is significant legacy of Rawls' conception of public reason that it discloses limitations of political ideal of liberal democracy. It is argued that one important consequence is that liberalism has to disclaim its own moral superiority in order to make political ideal viable. The other is that any particular society has to find its moral bases in public reason of particular society, that is burdened with peculiar culture and history. .

Tekst razmatra Rolsovu ideju javnog uma kao središnji deo njegove koncepcije političkog liberalizma. Ideja javnog uma je shvaćena dvostruko, kao norma opravdanja i kao politički ideal. U tekstu su takođe razmotrene neke kritike Rolsove koncepcije i naznačeni mogući načini na koji se Rols može odbraniti od njih. Osnovne teze u tekstu su da se Rolsova koncepcija javnog uma može odbraniti od standardnih kritika, ali i da sama razotkriva ograničenja političkog ideala liberalne demokratije. Dosledno shvaćen, politički ideal liberalne demokratije mora se odreći pretenzija na moralnu superiornost i oslanjati se na moralni konsenzus koji može biti potvrđen javnim umom političkog društva. .