Welfare state: Evolution of an idea

Abstract

Originating from the so-called 'care of the poor', with substantially modified functions in later periods (which in turn determined its scope), the contemporary welfare state is currently at a crossroads, after the profound influence it exerted on the transformation of 20th century capitalism. Changes in conditions and circumstances in which it operates, in resources at its disposal, and in social forces defending it raise a number of questions regarding its survival. This in turn has consequences on the (achieved and future) level of social security of the population, and on the humanization of their living and working conditions. The emancipator potential of the welfare state, from the perspective of pursuing the goals of social inclusion, derives from the view that difficulties people in society are facing are not problems to be solved just by the individual and his/her family but which also demand complementary involvement of the state.

Ponikla iz delatnosti staranja o siromašnima, uz suštinske modifikacije funkcija (koje su zatim opredelile i njene domete) u kasnijim periodima, savremena socijalna država nalazi se na svojevrsnoj prekretnici, i to nakon suštinskog uticaja koji je imala na preobražaj kapitalizma XX veka. Promena uslova i okolnosti u kojima funkcioniše, sredstva koja su joj na raspolaganju, kao i društvene snage koje je brane, nameću brojna pitanja o njenom opstanku, što nije bez uticaja na (dostignuti i budući) nivo socijalne sigurnosti stanovništva, ali i na humanizaciju uslova njihovog života i rada. Emancipatorni potencijal socijalne države, sa stanovišta ostvarivanja inkluzivnih ciljeva, proizlazi iz promovisanja shvatanja da problemi s kojima se ljudi u društvu suočavaju, nisu samo pitanja koja treba da rešavaju pojedinac i njegova porodica, nego da zahtevaju i komplementarno angažovanje države.