Transition in post-socialistic countries: Strategy of reformations of old age retirement system

Abstract

By the beginning of 1990 in the former socialistic countries various models of transition (were accepted and) singled out resulting in the formation of various strategies of getting out of crisis and further development. Dur­ing the first ten years of transition, the old age retirement reformation which is highlighted in the present article took several directions of development. Among them are differentiated the reformation of public insurance, complete transition to compulsory funding and gradual transformation into model which comprises a number of posts in which are combined elements of the system of current financing and funding of pensions depending on the financial restrictions and conditions characteristic for each particular country. .

Početkom 1990-ih godina, u bivšim socijalističkim državama (prihvaćeni su) izdvojili su se različiti modeli tranzicije, a kao posledica toga, i različite strategije izlaska iz krize i daljeg razvoja. Penzijske reforme u njima, tokom prvih deset godina tranzicije, na kojima je akcenat u ovom radu, kretale su se u više pravaca. Među njima se diferenciraju reformisanje javnog osiguranja; kompletan prelazak na obavezno fundiranje; i postepeno transformisanje u model koji sadrži više stubova, u kojem su kombinovani elementi sistema tekućeg finansiranja i fundiranih penzija, u zavisnosti od finansijskih ograničenja i uslova karakterističnih za države ponaosob.