Monopolies in Serbia: The normative control and range of antitrust policy

Abstract

Many criteria are now imposed in order to evaluate the effectiveness of existing economic systems, and economic relations and processes. It is very important harmonization of the market economy principles underlying these criteria, on the one hand, and their implementation in practice, on the other. In this paper we will specifically deal with the market structure, as specific precondition for the emergence and functioning of the market economy. The theory warns us, and practice roughly confirms that it is not possible to make a clear distinction between the subjects in the market, which introduces a new concept of analyzing the market structure, and that is the market concentration. It helps to clarify the relationships of competition and market concentration. However, difficulties can arise especially in countries in transition such as Serbia. Despite the evident desire to regulate relations in the market and to establish equal conditions for all market participants, market structure transformation process in Serbia is particularly difficult by the privatization process that created the conditions for the emergence of monopolistic market structures.

Mnoštvo kriterijuma se danas nameće u cilju ocjenjivanja uspješnosti postojećih ekonomskih sistema, ali i ekonomskih odnosa i procesa. Veo-ma je važna usklađenost principa tržišne ekonomije na kojima počivaju ovi kriterijumi, sa jedne strane, i njihove implementacije u praksi, sa druge. U radu ćemo se posebno pozabaviti tržišnom strukturom, kao posebnim preduslovom za nastanak i funkcionisanje tržišne ekonomije. Teorija nas upozorava, a praksa surovo potvrđuje da nije moguće napraviti jasnu distinkciju među subjektima na tržištu, zbog čega se uvodi novi koncept analize tržišne strukture, a to je koncentracija tržišta, koja pomaže da se rasvijetle odnosi konkurencije i tržišne koncentracije. Međutim, poteškoće se posebno javljaju u zemljama u tranziciji, kao što je i Srbija. I pored evidentne težnje da se urede odnosi na tržištu, te da se uspostave jednaki uslovi za sve učesnike na tržištu, proces preobražaja tržišne strukture u Srbiji posebno je otežan procesom privatizacije koja je stvorila uslove za nastanak monopolske tržišne strukture.