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Theorising the impact of the Covid-19 crisis on European health integration: Crisis-induced reforms

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2021
0025-85552102214R.pdf (281.2Kb)
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Radić-Milosavljević, Ivana
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Abstract
By looking into the case of the latest EU health policy reforms, the author analyses whether the European integration theories are equipped for an explanation of integration outcomes during the Covid-19 pandemic. The author primarily considers theories that hypothesise crises as a critical factor in integration dynamics, i.e., neofunctionalism and post-functionalism. In the last decade, multiple crises have been hitting the European Union (EU), and there have been many attempts to theorise their impact on European integration. Nevertheless, the answers are far from clear-cut regarding whether crises have been beneficial or detrimental to further integration, either in terms of its scope (widening the EU policy areas and/or membership) or level (increasing the EU institutions' competences and/or capacities). After analysing how the crisis has been handled and the reforms taken in the health policy sector, the author concludes that post-functionalist expectations about the crisis trigger...ing Euroscepticism and identity-driven mass politicisation, thereby precluding further integration, have not materialised so far. On the contrary, the Covid-19 crisis has led to an increase in the EU's capacities in some essential policy sectors. Health policy is one. So far, this policy has seen reforms that neofunctionalism would call a build-up - a transfer of more authority to supranational institutions without expanding its formal mandate. As neofunctionalism would expect, the coronavirus crisis triggered an elite politicisation that created an environment conducive to further integration rather than disintegrative outcomes.

Posmatrajući slučaj najnovijih reformi zdravstvene politike Evropske unije (EU), autorka analizira sposobnost teorija evropske integracije da objasne ishode procesa integracije tokom pandemije Kovid-19. Autorka prevashodno uzima u obzir teorije koje pretpostavljaju da su krize ključan činilac u dinamici integracije, a to su neofunkcionalizam i postfunkcionalizam. U poslednjoj deceniji, EU su pogađale višestruke krize i bilo je dosta teorijskih pokušaja da se objasni njihov uticaj na evropsku integraciju. Međutim, na pitanje da li su krize bile podsticajne ili štetne po integraciju, bilo po njen obuhvat (širenje oblasti delovanja i/ili članstva EU), bilo po nivo (uvećavanje ovlašćenja i/ili kapaciteta institucija EU), odgovori su daleko od jednoznačnih. Nakon analiziranja faktičkog bavljenja krizom i reformi koje su preduzete u oblasti zdravstvene politike, autorka zaključuje da se nisu ostvarila očekivanja postfunkcionalista da će kriza izazvati evroskepticizam i identitetsk...i motivisanu masovnu politizaciju i time sprečiti napredovanje integracije. Upravo suprotno, kriza izazvana Kovid-19 pandemijom ishodovala je uvećanjem kapaciteta EU u nekim od ključnih oblasti, među kojima je i zdravstvena politika. Do sada je ova politika doživela reforme koje bi neofunkcionalizam nazvao „nadgradnjom” (buid-up) – davanje dodatnih ovlašćenja nadnacionalnim institucijama bez uvećanja njihovih formalnih nadležnosti. Kao što bi neofunkcionalisti očekivali, kriza je pokrenula politizaciju među elitama što je, umesto dezintegrativnih ishoda, stvorilo pogodno okruženje za napredovanje integracije.

Keywords:
crisis / Covid-19 / European Union / integration / neofunctionalism / postfunctionalism / politicisation / health policy / kriza / Kovid-19 / Evropska unija / integracija / neofunkcionalizam / postfunkcionalizam / politizacija / zdravstvena politika
Source:
Međunarodni problemi, 2021, LXXIII, 2, 214-234
Publisher:
  • Institut za medjunarodnu politiku i privredu

DOI: 10.2298/MEDJP2102214R

ISSN: 0025-8555

[ Google Scholar ]
URI
http://rfpn.fpn.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/846
Collections
  • Radovi istraživača / Researchers' papers
Institution/Community
FPN
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Radić-Milosavljević, Ivana
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://rfpn.fpn.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/846
AB  - By looking into the case of the latest EU health policy reforms, the author analyses whether the European integration theories are equipped for an explanation of integration outcomes during the Covid-19 pandemic. The author primarily considers theories that hypothesise crises as a critical factor in integration dynamics, i.e., neofunctionalism and post-functionalism. In the last decade, multiple crises have been hitting the European Union (EU), and there have been many attempts to theorise their impact on European integration. Nevertheless, the answers are far from clear-cut regarding whether crises have been beneficial or detrimental to further integration, either in terms of its scope (widening the EU policy areas and/or membership) or level (increasing the EU institutions' competences and/or capacities). After analysing how the crisis has been handled and the reforms taken in the health policy sector, the author concludes that post-functionalist expectations about the crisis triggering Euroscepticism and identity-driven mass politicisation, thereby precluding further integration, have not materialised so far. On the contrary, the Covid-19 crisis has led to an increase in the EU's capacities in some essential policy sectors. Health policy is one. So far, this policy has seen reforms that neofunctionalism would call a build-up - a transfer of more authority to supranational institutions without expanding its formal mandate. As neofunctionalism would expect, the coronavirus crisis triggered an elite politicisation that created an environment conducive to further integration rather than disintegrative outcomes.
AB  - Posmatrajući slučaj najnovijih reformi zdravstvene politike Evropske unije (EU),
autorka analizira sposobnost teorija evropske integracije da objasne ishode procesa
integracije tokom pandemije Kovid-19. Autorka prevashodno uzima u obzir teorije koje
pretpostavljaju da su krize ključan činilac u dinamici integracije, a to su
neofunkcionalizam i postfunkcionalizam. U poslednjoj deceniji, EU su pogađale
višestruke krize i bilo je dosta teorijskih pokušaja da se objasni njihov uticaj na evropsku
integraciju. Međutim, na pitanje da li su krize bile podsticajne ili štetne po integraciju,
bilo po njen obuhvat (širenje oblasti delovanja i/ili članstva EU), bilo po nivo (uvećavanje
ovlašćenja i/ili kapaciteta institucija EU), odgovori su daleko od jednoznačnih. Nakon
analiziranja faktičkog bavljenja krizom i reformi koje su preduzete u oblasti zdravstvene
politike, autorka zaključuje da se nisu ostvarila očekivanja postfunkcionalista da će kriza
izazvati evroskepticizam i identitetski motivisanu masovnu politizaciju i time sprečiti
napredovanje integracije. Upravo suprotno, kriza izazvana Kovid-19 pandemijom
ishodovala je uvećanjem kapaciteta EU u nekim od ključnih oblasti, među kojima je i
zdravstvena politika. Do sada je ova politika doživela reforme koje bi neofunkcionalizam
nazvao „nadgradnjom” (buid-up) – davanje dodatnih ovlašćenja nadnacionalnim
institucijama bez uvećanja njihovih formalnih nadležnosti. Kao što bi neofunkcionalisti
očekivali, kriza je pokrenula politizaciju među elitama što je, umesto dezintegrativnih
ishoda, stvorilo pogodno okruženje za napredovanje integracije.
PB  - Institut za medjunarodnu politiku i privredu
T2  - Međunarodni problemi
T1  - Theorising the impact of the Covid-19 crisis on European health integration: Crisis-induced reforms
EP  - 234
IS  - 2
SP  - 214
VL  - LXXIII
DO  - 10.2298/MEDJP2102214R
ER  - 
@article{
author = "Radić-Milosavljević, Ivana",
year = "2021",
abstract = "By looking into the case of the latest EU health policy reforms, the author analyses whether the European integration theories are equipped for an explanation of integration outcomes during the Covid-19 pandemic. The author primarily considers theories that hypothesise crises as a critical factor in integration dynamics, i.e., neofunctionalism and post-functionalism. In the last decade, multiple crises have been hitting the European Union (EU), and there have been many attempts to theorise their impact on European integration. Nevertheless, the answers are far from clear-cut regarding whether crises have been beneficial or detrimental to further integration, either in terms of its scope (widening the EU policy areas and/or membership) or level (increasing the EU institutions' competences and/or capacities). After analysing how the crisis has been handled and the reforms taken in the health policy sector, the author concludes that post-functionalist expectations about the crisis triggering Euroscepticism and identity-driven mass politicisation, thereby precluding further integration, have not materialised so far. On the contrary, the Covid-19 crisis has led to an increase in the EU's capacities in some essential policy sectors. Health policy is one. So far, this policy has seen reforms that neofunctionalism would call a build-up - a transfer of more authority to supranational institutions without expanding its formal mandate. As neofunctionalism would expect, the coronavirus crisis triggered an elite politicisation that created an environment conducive to further integration rather than disintegrative outcomes., Posmatrajući slučaj najnovijih reformi zdravstvene politike Evropske unije (EU),
autorka analizira sposobnost teorija evropske integracije da objasne ishode procesa
integracije tokom pandemije Kovid-19. Autorka prevashodno uzima u obzir teorije koje
pretpostavljaju da su krize ključan činilac u dinamici integracije, a to su
neofunkcionalizam i postfunkcionalizam. U poslednjoj deceniji, EU su pogađale
višestruke krize i bilo je dosta teorijskih pokušaja da se objasni njihov uticaj na evropsku
integraciju. Međutim, na pitanje da li su krize bile podsticajne ili štetne po integraciju,
bilo po njen obuhvat (širenje oblasti delovanja i/ili članstva EU), bilo po nivo (uvećavanje
ovlašćenja i/ili kapaciteta institucija EU), odgovori su daleko od jednoznačnih. Nakon
analiziranja faktičkog bavljenja krizom i reformi koje su preduzete u oblasti zdravstvene
politike, autorka zaključuje da se nisu ostvarila očekivanja postfunkcionalista da će kriza
izazvati evroskepticizam i identitetski motivisanu masovnu politizaciju i time sprečiti
napredovanje integracije. Upravo suprotno, kriza izazvana Kovid-19 pandemijom
ishodovala je uvećanjem kapaciteta EU u nekim od ključnih oblasti, među kojima je i
zdravstvena politika. Do sada je ova politika doživela reforme koje bi neofunkcionalizam
nazvao „nadgradnjom” (buid-up) – davanje dodatnih ovlašćenja nadnacionalnim
institucijama bez uvećanja njihovih formalnih nadležnosti. Kao što bi neofunkcionalisti
očekivali, kriza je pokrenula politizaciju među elitama što je, umesto dezintegrativnih
ishoda, stvorilo pogodno okruženje za napredovanje integracije.",
publisher = "Institut za medjunarodnu politiku i privredu",
journal = "Međunarodni problemi",
title = "Theorising the impact of the Covid-19 crisis on European health integration: Crisis-induced reforms",
pages = "234-214",
number = "2",
volume = "LXXIII",
doi = "10.2298/MEDJP2102214R"
}
Radić-Milosavljević, I.. (2021). Theorising the impact of the Covid-19 crisis on European health integration: Crisis-induced reforms. in Međunarodni problemi
Institut za medjunarodnu politiku i privredu., LXXIII(2), 214-234.
https://doi.org/10.2298/MEDJP2102214R
Radić-Milosavljević I. Theorising the impact of the Covid-19 crisis on European health integration: Crisis-induced reforms. in Međunarodni problemi. 2021;LXXIII(2):214-234.
doi:10.2298/MEDJP2102214R .
Radić-Milosavljević, Ivana, "Theorising the impact of the Covid-19 crisis on European health integration: Crisis-induced reforms" in Međunarodni problemi, LXXIII, no. 2 (2021):214-234,
https://doi.org/10.2298/MEDJP2102214R . .

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