Uticaj miroljubivog razvoja na kinesko (re)pozicioniranje u međunarodnom poretku

Abstract

Na osnovu velikog broja relevantnih pokazatelja, danas, sa velikom sigurnošću, možemo pretpostaviti da Narodna Republika Kina (Kina) predstavlja jedan od najvažnijih geopolitičkih i geoekonomskih vektora multipolarnog međunarodnog poretka. Međutim, kineska spoljna politika je oduvek bila teško shvatljiva brojnim stručnjacima iz oblasti međunarodnih odnosa koji dolaze iz tzv. zapadne škole mišljenja, iz prostog razloga što ona nikada nije bila oblikovana prema „pravilima“ prosvetiteljskog racionalizma. Zbog toga njihove metode, paradigme, teorije i indikatori, u odgovoru na ključno pitanje o uticaju miroljubivog razvoja na kinesko geopolitičko (re)pozicioniranje u međunarodnom poretku, daju polovičan i vrednosno-subjektivan odgovor. Namera ovog rada je da analizom kineskog diskursa miroljubivog razvoja u periodu od 2003. do 2012. godine kada je na čelu Kine bio Hu Đintao (Hu Jintao), iz drugačijeg ugla pruži odgovor na postavljeno pitanje. U prvom delu rada biće problematizovano pitanje ekonomskog uspona Kine, njene demografske, diplomatske i geopolitičke snage u očima zapadnih država, u svetlu potencijalnih izazova po već ustanovljene norme ponašanja država u međunarodnom okruženju. Drugi deo ovog rada biće posvećen kritičkom objašnjenju koncepta miroljubivog razvoja u svetlu načina njegovog kreiranja, dok se treći deo bavi njegovom suštinskom važnošću u praktičnom potvrđivanju i izvršavanju kroz spoljnopolitičko i unutrašnje delovanje Kine

Today, based on a large number of relevant indicators, we can assume with great certainty that the People's Republic of China (China) is one of the most important geopolitical and geoeconomic vectors of the multipolar international order. However, China's foreign policy has always been hard to understand to a number of experts in the field of international relations coming from the so-called western schools of thought for the simple reason that it was never shaped according to the "rules" of Enlightenment rationalism. Therefore, their methods, paradigms, theories and indicators, in response to the key question on the impact of peaceful development on Chinese geopolitical (re) positioning in the international order, give a partial and value-subjective answer. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the Chinese discourse of peaceful development between 2003 and 2012 when Hu Jintao was the head of China and to answer the question raised from a different angle. In the first part of the paper, the issue of the economic rise of China, its demographic, diplomatic and geopolitical power in the eyes of the Western states will be discussed in the light of the potential challenges for the already established norms of state behavior in the international environment. The second part of this paper will be devoted to the critical explanation of the concept of peaceful development in light of the way in which it is created, while the third part deals with its essential importance in practical confirmation and execution through China's foreign and political activities.